
The study Measuring Broadband America (posted in late 2018) reported these typical internet connection latencies for common forms of U.S. The typical latency of an internet connection also varies depending on its type. Besides the limits of physics, additional network latency is caused when traffic is routed through servers and other backbone devices. Data over a fiber optic cable, for example, requires at least 7.5 ms to travel 1,000 miles. Furthermore, most long-distance internet traffic travels over cables, which can't carry signals as fast as light due to a principle of physics called refraction. Under perfect conditions, light requires roughly 5 ms to travel 1,000 miles (about 1,600 kilometers). For internet connections, however, it becomes a factor. On a home or local area network, the distance between devices is so small that light speed doesn't matter. No network traffic can travel faster than the speed of light. The Speed of Light on a Computer Network. It's the time it takes for information to move from one end of the pipe to the other. A small pipe (low bandwidth) can't hold much data at once, while a thick one (high bandwidth) can transmit more data at a time. If your internet connection were illustrated as a pipe carrying data, bandwidth would refer to the physical size of the pipe. To understand what causes high latency, it's important to differentiate it from high bandwidth. Latency and bandwidth are closely related but are two separate terms. In some cases, you might be able to fix internet lag by changing how your device interacts with the network.

Network lag happens for a few reasons, namely distance and congestion. Fewer delays mean that the connection is experiencing lower latency.
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For example, your video game might experience high latency, which causes the game to freeze at times and not deliver a live update of the other players. People perceive these unexpected time delays as "lag." High latency can also cause high delays.

While all computer networks inherently possess some form of latency, the amount varies and can suddenly increase for various reasons. The latency of a network connection represents the amount of time required for data to travel between the sender and receiver.
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2 What Causes Network Lag and How to Fix It.
